It is recommended that they consume at least 5 portions per day. The portion size varies depending on the child's age, height and activity level. A small child's palm-sized amount is generally equivalent to one portion.
Carbohydrates such as potatoes, bread, pasta, rice and grains should be included in every main meal. However, whole grain products may not be suitable for digestion in children under the age of 2. Excessive fibre can inhibit the absorption of important minerals such as iron and calcium.
Protein sources such as meat, fish and dried pulses are essential for growth, brain development and bone health. The amino acids found particularly in animal-based foods are vital for children.
Products such as milk, yoghurt and cheese are sources of calcium and iodine, as well as vitamins A, D and B12. Alternative plant-based products such as soya may also be considered.
Fats such as butter, margarine, olive oil and fish oil are essential for children's development. They also support the absorption of vitamins A, D, E and K. However, fat consumption should be kept in balance and not excessive.